Start adopting version catalog

[runningcode]

This just starts the adoption, with just a few entries in the catalog.
The rest will come in separate PRs

#skip-changelog

📜 Description

💡 Motivation and Context

💚 How did you test it?

📝 Checklist

• I added tests to verify the changes.
• No new PII added or SDK only sends newly added PII if sendDefaultPII is enabled.
• I updated the docs if needed.
• I updated the wizard if needed.
• Review from the native team if needed.
• No breaking change or entry added to the changelog.
• No breaking change for hybrid SDKs or communicated to hybrid SDKs.

🔮 Next steps

[github-actions]

Performance metrics 🚀

	Plain	With Sentry	Diff
Startup time	382.04 ms	417.15 ms	35.11 ms
Size	1.58 MiB	2.08 MiB	510.52 KiB