Deploying apt & python app with PyAudio (portaudio.h problem)

[LDK]

Hello there. Much like a previous user, who posted this issue: #77, I am trying to build a web app that uses PyAudio (and in fact, largely have built it and would now like to deploy it). I'm using the heroku-buildpack-apt buildpack, and my pipeline is as follows:

https://buildpack-registry.s3.amazonaws.com/buildpacks/heroku-community/apt.tgz
https://github.com/timanovsky/subdir-heroku-buildpack
heroku/python

(subdir because I have a monorepo with all the django/python stuff in a server/ folder)

My Aptfile contains the following:

portaudio19-dev
python-all-dev

The build fails, despite seeming to succeed in installing the .debs for PortAudio:

-----> Building on the Heroku-22 stack
-----> Using buildpacks:
       1. heroku-community/apt
       2. https://github.com/timanovsky/subdir-heroku-buildpack
       3. heroku/python
-----> Apt app detected
-----> Detected Aptfile or Stack changes, flushing cache
-----> Updating apt caches
       Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease [270 kB]
       Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease [110 kB]
       Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease [119 kB]
       Get:4 http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt jammy-pgdg InRelease [123 kB]
       Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 Packages [1,792 kB]
       Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 Packages [17.5 MB]
       Get:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/main amd64 Packages [1,533 kB]
       Get:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe amd64 Packages [1,076 kB]
       Get:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe amd64 Packages [1,347 kB]
       Get:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 Packages [1,812 kB]
       Get:11 http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt jammy-pgdg/main amd64 Packages [488 kB]
       Fetched 26.1 MB in 1s (18.4 MB/s)
       Reading package lists...
W: http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/dists/jammy-pgdg/InRelease: Key is stored in legacy trusted.gpg keyring (/etc/apt/trusted.gpg), see the DEPRECATION section in apt-key(8) for details.
-----> Fetching .debs for portaudio19-dev
       Reading package lists...
       Building dependency tree...
       The following additional packages will be installed:
         alsa-topology-conf alsa-ucm-conf libasound2 libasound2-data libasound2-dev
         libjack-dev libjack0 libportaudio2 libportaudiocpp0
       Suggested packages:
         libasound2-plugins alsa-utils libasound2-doc jackd1 portaudio19-doc
       The following NEW packages will be installed:
         alsa-topology-conf alsa-ucm-conf libasound2 libasound2-data libasound2-dev
         libjack-dev libjack0 libportaudio2 libportaudiocpp0 portaudio19-dev
       0 upgraded, 10 newly installed, 0 to remove and 24 not upgraded.
       Need to get 1,064 kB of archives.
       After this operation, 6,789 kB of additional disk space will be used.
       Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 alsa-topology-conf all 1.2.5.1-2 [15.5 kB]
       Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libasound2-data all 1.2.6.1-1ubuntu1 [19.1 kB]
       Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libasound2 amd64 1.2.6.1-1ubuntu1 [390 kB]
       Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 alsa-ucm-conf all 1.2.6.3-1ubuntu1.10 [43.4 kB]
       Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libasound2-dev amd64 1.2.6.1-1ubuntu1 [110 kB]
       Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 libjack0 amd64 1:0.125.0-3build2 [93.3 kB]
       Get:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 libjack-dev amd64 1:0.125.0-3build2 [206 kB]
       Get:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 libportaudio2 amd64 19.6.0-1.1 [65.3 kB]
       Get:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 libportaudiocpp0 amd64 19.6.0-1.1 [16.1 kB]
       Get:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 portaudio19-dev amd64 19.6.0-1.1 [106 kB]
       Fetched 1,064 kB in 0s (7,392 kB/s)
       Download complete and in download only mode
-----> Fetching .debs for python-all-dev
       Reading package lists...
       Building dependency tree...
       The following additional packages will be installed:
         libpython-all-dev libpython2-dev libpython2-stdlib libpython2.7
         libpython2.7-dev libpython2.7-minimal libpython2.7-stdlib python-all python2
         python2-dev python2-minimal python2.7 python2.7-dev python2.7-minimal
       Suggested packages:
         python2-doc python-tk python2.7-doc binfmt-support
       The following NEW packages will be installed:
         libpython-all-dev libpython2-dev libpython2-stdlib libpython2.7
         libpython2.7-dev libpython2.7-minimal libpython2.7-stdlib python-all
         python-all-dev python2 python2-dev python2-minimal python2.7 python2.7-dev
         python2.7-minimal
       0 upgraded, 15 newly installed, 0 to remove and 24 not upgraded.
       Need to get 7,977 kB of archives.
       After this operation, 32.7 MB of additional disk space will be used.
       Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe amd64 libpython2.7-minimal amd64 2.7.18-13ubuntu1.1 [347 kB]
       Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe amd64 python2.7-minimal amd64 2.7.18-13ubuntu1.1 [1,394 kB]
       Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 python2-minimal amd64 2.7.18-3 [20.8 kB]
       Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe amd64 libpython2.7-stdlib amd64 2.7.18-13ubuntu1.1 [1,977 kB]
       Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe amd64 python2.7 amd64 2.7.18-13ubuntu1.1 [250 kB]
       Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 libpython2-stdlib amd64 2.7.18-3 [7,432 B]
       Get:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 python2 amd64 2.7.18-3 [9,098 B]
       Get:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe amd64 libpython2.7 amd64 2.7.18-13ubuntu1.1 [1,159 kB]
       Get:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe amd64 libpython2.7-dev amd64 2.7.18-13ubuntu1.1 [2,515 kB]
       Get:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 libpython2-dev amd64 2.7.18-3 [7,512 B]
       Get:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 libpython-all-dev amd64 2.7.18-3 [922 B]
       Get:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 python-all amd64 2.7.18-3 [902 B]
       Get:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe amd64 python2.7-dev amd64 2.7.18-13ubuntu1.1 [286 kB]
       Get:14 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 python2-dev amd64 2.7.18-3 [1,064 B]
       Get:15 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 python-all-dev amd64 2.7.18-3 [922 B]
       Fetched 7,977 kB in 0s (41.3 MB/s)
       Download complete and in download only mode
-----> Installing alsa-topology-conf_1.2.5.1-2_all.deb
-----> Installing alsa-ucm-conf_1.2.6.3-1ubuntu1.10_all.deb
-----> Installing libasound2_1.2.6.1-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb
-----> Installing libasound2-data_1.2.6.1-1ubuntu1_all.deb
-----> Installing libasound2-dev_1.2.6.1-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb
-----> Installing libjack0_1%3a0.125.0-3build2_amd64.deb
-----> Installing libjack-dev_1%3a0.125.0-3build2_amd64.deb
-----> Installing libportaudio2_19.6.0-1.1_amd64.deb
-----> Installing libportaudiocpp0_19.6.0-1.1_amd64.deb
-----> Installing libpython2.7_2.7.18-13ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb
-----> Installing libpython2.7-dev_2.7.18-13ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb
-----> Installing libpython2.7-minimal_2.7.18-13ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb
-----> Installing libpython2.7-stdlib_2.7.18-13ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb
-----> Installing libpython2-dev_2.7.18-3_amd64.deb
-----> Installing libpython2-stdlib_2.7.18-3_amd64.deb
-----> Installing libpython-all-dev_2.7.18-3_amd64.deb
-----> Installing portaudio19-dev_19.6.0-1.1_amd64.deb
-----> Installing python2_2.7.18-3_amd64.deb
-----> Installing python2.7_2.7.18-13ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb
-----> Installing python2.7-dev_2.7.18-13ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb
-----> Installing python2.7-minimal_2.7.18-13ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb
-----> Installing python2-dev_2.7.18-3_amd64.deb
-----> Installing python2-minimal_2.7.18-3_amd64.deb
-----> Installing python-all_2.7.18-3_amd64.deb
-----> Installing python-all-dev_2.7.18-3_amd64.deb
-----> Writing profile script
-----> Rewrite package-config files
-----> Subdir buildpack app detected
-----> Subdir buildpack in /server
       creating cache: /tmp/codon/tmp/cache
       created tmp dir: /tmp/codon/tmp/cache/subdirhFxmH
       moving working dir: /server to /tmp/codon/tmp/cache/subdirhFxmH
       cleaning build dir /tmp/build_c41bde5a
       copying preserved work dir from cache /tmp/codon/tmp/cache/subdirhFxmH to build dir /tmp/build_c41bde5a
       cleaning tmp dir /tmp/codon/tmp/cache/subdirhFxmH
-----> Python app detected
-----> No Python version was specified. Using the buildpack default: python-3.12.2
       To use a different version, see: https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/python-runtimes
-----> Installing python-3.12.2
-----> Installing pip 23.3.2, setuptools 68.2.2 and wheel 0.42.0
-----> Installing SQLite3
-----> Installing requirements with pip
       Collecting asgiref==3.7.2 (from -r requirements.txt (line 1))
         Downloading asgiref-3.7.2-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (9.2 kB)
       Collecting certifi==2023.7.22 (from -r requirements.txt (line 2))
         Downloading certifi-2023.7.22-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (2.2 kB)
       Collecting distlib==0.3.8 (from -r requirements.txt (line 3))
         Downloading distlib-0.3.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl.metadata (5.1 kB)
       Collecting Django==5.0 (from -r requirements.txt (line 4))
         Downloading Django-5.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (4.1 kB)
       Collecting django-cors-headers==4.3.1 (from -r requirements.txt (line 5))
         Downloading django_cors_headers-4.3.1-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (16 kB)
       Collecting djangorestframework==3.14.0 (from -r requirements.txt (line 6))
         Downloading djangorestframework-3.14.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (10 kB)
       Collecting djangorestframework-simplejwt==5.3.1 (from -r requirements.txt (line 7))
         Downloading djangorestframework_simplejwt-5.3.1-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (4.3 kB)
       Collecting filelock==3.13.1 (from -r requirements.txt (line 8))
         Downloading filelock-3.13.1-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (2.8 kB)
       Collecting mysqlclient==2.2.1 (from -r requirements.txt (line 9))
         Downloading mysqlclient-2.2.1.tar.gz (89 kB)
         Installing build dependencies: started
         Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'done'
         Getting requirements to build wheel: started
         Getting requirements to build wheel: finished with status 'done'
         Installing backend dependencies: started
         Installing backend dependencies: finished with status 'done'
         Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): started
         Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'done'
       Collecting platformdirs==4.1.0 (from -r requirements.txt (line 10))
         Downloading platformdirs-4.1.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (11 kB)
       Collecting protobuf==4.24.4 (from -r requirements.txt (line 11))
         Downloading protobuf-4.24.4-cp37-abi3-manylinux2014_x86_64.whl.metadata (540 bytes)
       Collecting PyAudio==0.2.14 (from -r requirements.txt (line 12))
         Downloading PyAudio-0.2.14.tar.gz (47 kB)
         Installing build dependencies: started
         Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'done'
         Getting requirements to build wheel: started
         Getting requirements to build wheel: finished with status 'done'
         Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): started
         Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'done'
       Collecting pydub==0.25.1 (from -r requirements.txt (line 13))
         Downloading pydub-0.25.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl.metadata (1.4 kB)
       Collecting PyJWT==2.8.0 (from -r requirements.txt (line 14))
         Downloading PyJWT-2.8.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (4.2 kB)
       Collecting python-decouple==3.8 (from -r requirements.txt (line 15))
         Downloading python_decouple-3.8-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (14 kB)
       Collecting pytz==2023.3.post1 (from -r requirements.txt (line 16))
         Downloading pytz-2023.3.post1-py2.py3-none-any.whl.metadata (22 kB)
       Collecting PyYAML==6.0.1 (from -r requirements.txt (line 17))
         Downloading PyYAML-6.0.1-cp312-cp312-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl.metadata (2.1 kB)
       Collecting rptree==0.1.1 (from -r requirements.txt (line 18))
         Downloading rptree-0.1.1-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (2.0 kB)
       Collecting simplejson==3.19.2 (from -r requirements.txt (line 19))
         Downloading simplejson-3.19.2-cp312-cp312-manylinux_2_5_x86_64.manylinux1_x86_64.manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl.metadata (3.1 kB)
       Collecting six==1.16.0 (from -r requirements.txt (line 20))
         Downloading six-1.16.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl.metadata (1.8 kB)
       Collecting sqlparse==0.4.4 (from -r requirements.txt (line 21))
         Downloading sqlparse-0.4.4-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (4.0 kB)
       Collecting wheel==0.41.3 (from -r requirements.txt (line 22))
         Downloading wheel-0.41.3-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (2.2 kB)
       Downloading asgiref-3.7.2-py3-none-any.whl (24 kB)
       Downloading certifi-2023.7.22-py3-none-any.whl (158 kB)
       Downloading distlib-0.3.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl (468 kB)
       Downloading Django-5.0-py3-none-any.whl (8.1 MB)
       Downloading django_cors_headers-4.3.1-py3-none-any.whl (12 kB)
       Downloading djangorestframework-3.14.0-py3-none-any.whl (1.1 MB)
       Downloading djangorestframework_simplejwt-5.3.1-py3-none-any.whl (101 kB)
       Downloading filelock-3.13.1-py3-none-any.whl (11 kB)
       Downloading platformdirs-4.1.0-py3-none-any.whl (17 kB)
       Downloading protobuf-4.24.4-cp37-abi3-manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (311 kB)
       Downloading pydub-0.25.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (32 kB)
       Downloading PyJWT-2.8.0-py3-none-any.whl (22 kB)
       Downloading python_decouple-3.8-py3-none-any.whl (9.9 kB)
       Downloading pytz-2023.3.post1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (502 kB)
       Downloading PyYAML-6.0.1-cp312-cp312-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (724 kB)
       Downloading rptree-0.1.1-py3-none-any.whl (5.0 kB)
       Downloading simplejson-3.19.2-cp312-cp312-manylinux_2_5_x86_64.manylinux1_x86_64.manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (152 kB)
       Downloading six-1.16.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (11 kB)
       Downloading sqlparse-0.4.4-py3-none-any.whl (41 kB)
       Downloading wheel-0.41.3-py3-none-any.whl (65 kB)
       Building wheels for collected packages: mysqlclient, PyAudio
         Building wheel for mysqlclient (pyproject.toml): started
         Building wheel for mysqlclient (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'done'
         Created wheel for mysqlclient: filename=mysqlclient-2.2.1-cp312-cp312-linux_x86_64.whl size=76627 sha256=78e8fa855f7f2a06f61ff2142d93ff8a2cc8e7c24fefd29c5fb9e6c8ba8e18db
         Stored in directory: /tmp/pip-ephem-wheel-cache-yg2paj_j/wheels/aa/99/50/f03fd49e3a91fdf9c28a434e12e463d65c9c2ac3f35a94975d
         Building wheel for PyAudio (pyproject.toml): started
         Building wheel for PyAudio (pyproject.toml): finished with status 'error'
         error: subprocess-exited-with-error
         
         × Building wheel for PyAudio (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
         │ exit code: 1
         ╰─> [18 lines of output]
             running bdist_wheel
             running build
             running build_py
             creating build
             creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-312
             creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/pyaudio
             copying src/pyaudio/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/pyaudio
             running build_ext
             building 'pyaudio._portaudio' extension
             creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-312
             creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/src
             creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/src/pyaudio
             gcc -fno-strict-overflow -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -fPIC -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/include -I/app/.heroku/python/include/python3.12 -c src/pyaudio/device_api.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/src/pyaudio/device_api.o
             src/pyaudio/device_api.c:9:10: fatal error: portaudio.h: No such file or directory
                 9 | #include "portaudio.h"
                   |          ^~~~~~~~~~~~~
             compilation terminated.
             error: command '/usr/bin/gcc' failed with exit code 1
             [end of output]
         
         note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
         ERROR: Failed building wheel for PyAudio
       Successfully built mysqlclient
       Failed to build PyAudio
       ERROR: Could not build wheels for PyAudio, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects
 !     Push rejected, failed to compile Python app.
 !     Push failed

any ideas?

Thanks